![]() People with impaired sensation are also vulnerable to injury from many other hazards, such as, heat, cold, sun and trauma. Impaired sensation is often present, limiting the ability to sense when to make a weight shift or position adjustment. People with paralysis often have difficulty shifting their weight, repositioning themselves, or transferring without assistance. The lack of muscle function around boney areas of the body leads to muscle atrophy, resulting in less padding, which in turn, adds to the risk of skin breakdown. There is loss of collagen which weakens the skin and makes it less elastic. Paralysis itself affects the skin and underlying tissue. This is a major concern for persons with transverse myelitis or other neuroimmunologic conditions that cause paralysis and/or decreased sensation.įor people with paralysis, the skin is at increased risk for breakdown for several reasons. Despite this resiliency, the skin is susceptible to breakdown, if subjected to prolonged abuses, such as excessive pressure, shear force, friction or moisture. If the skin becomes injured or broken, it is generally very resilient and has an amazing ability to self-repair and heal. Underneath the subcutaneous tissue lays muscle and bone.įor the most part, the skin is tough, pliable and resistant to injury. The thickness of this layer varies throughout the body and from person to person. This layer is important in controlling the temperature of the skin itself and the body and protects the body from injury by acting as a shock absorber. The subcutaneous adipose tissue is the deepest layer of skin and is a layer of fat and collagen that houses larger blood vessels and nerves. Destruction of either the epidermis or dermis can leave the body open and susceptible to infection. The hair follicles also originate in this layer. The nerves ending in this layer transmit sensations of pain, itch, touch and pleasure. Collagen provides nourishment and support for skin cells. The dermis or second layer has sweat glands, oil glands, nerve endings, and small blood vessels called capillaries, which are all woven together by a protein called collagen. The outermost layer, the epidermis, is composed mostly of dead skin cells that are constantly being shed and replaced. The skin consists of three layers: Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. Your skin also stores water, fat, and vitamin D. In addition to providing protection and internal regulation, your skin gathers sensory information from the environment, allowing you to feel painful and pleasant stimulation. ![]() Your skin maintains a stable internal environment and is important in maintaining a proper temperature for the body to function well. It plays an active role with the immune system, protecting us from infection. ![]() Your skin is tough and pliable, forming the body’s protective shield against heat, light, chemical and physical action. It receives one third of the body’s blood circulation. Skin is the largest organ covering the entire outside of the body. COVID-19 and Rare Neuroimmune Disorders.
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